Unlike the EUR-1, the ATR does not certify the preferential origin of the goods, but rather their status as "Community goods" or Turkish goods. This is fundamental to understand when to use each document.

Key difference with EUR-1

The main advantage of the ATR certificate is that it allows goods to benefit from full exemption from import duties in both the EU and Turkey. In practice, this speeds up customs clearance and reduces costs, greatly facilitating bilateral trade with a market as important as Turkey is for the European Union, where sectors like automotive and retail have intense commercial and goods traffic.

What is its key benefit?

Learn about the ATR certificate, the document that facilitates trade between the European Union and Turkey thanks to the Customs Union.

ATR Movement Certificate | Freight Transport between the EU and Turkey

What is the ATR Movement Certificate?

It is important to note that there are some exceptions, such as basic agricultural products and steel, which are not covered by the ATR and require other certificates like the EUR-1 to obtain benefits. To ensure that shipments of these goods do not suffer delays and surcharges, it is important to obtain information in advance.

It is issued by the customs authorities of the exporting country (either from the EU or Turkey) after the exporter submits the application and the necessary documentation.

Issuance

It is presented to the customs authority at the destination to allow the importer to benefit from the duty exemption.

Presentation

When is it used and who issues it?

Discover what a consignment note is, its key function as proof of goods delivery, its legal value, and the essential information it must contain. Indispensable in logistics!

Includes details of the sender and recipient, the date, a description of the goods, the number of packages, and often a section for observations.

Key Information

It's a probative document with legal validity as proof of the transaction, but it doesn't have fiscal validity on its own. It doesn't replace the invoice but complements it.

Legal Value

Serves as proof of delivery. When the recipient signs the consignment note, they are confirming their agreement with the quantity and condition of the goods received.

Main Function

The recipient or the person receiving the goods.

Who Signs It

The Consignment Note: The Proof of Delivery

Contains all the information from the consignment note, plus crucial details such as the tax details and addresses of all parties, the transport price, customs instructions, and if it concerns dangerous goods (ADR).

It has a declarative legal character. Its possession does not imply ownership of the goods, but it does formalise the terms of the agreement, responsibilities, deadlines, and conditions.

Acts as a contract, receipt of the goods by the carrier, and a probative document of the service conditions.

It is signed by both the consignor and the carrier at the beginning of the journey. The recipient also signs upon receiving the goods to confirm delivery.

The Waybill: The Transport Contract

For road transport between countries that are part of the CMR Convention, the CMR Waybill has been the standardised document used since 1956. It regulates the obligations and rights of all parties, offering legal certainty in international transport operations.

CMR: The International Standard

In summary, we can say that the consignment note tells you that something was delivered, while the waybill tells you who, what, how and under what conditions it was transported. Both are essential, but they fulfill different roles in the supply chain, also providing different levels of coverage.

Consignment Note vs. Waybill: A Clear Summary

Consignment Note / Waybill

Where Does CMR Apply?

It is proof of the agreement between the sender (consignor) and the carrier.

Contract of Carriage

It serves as evidence in case of legal disputes regarding delivery, loss, damage, or delay.

Proof Document

It certifies that the carrier has received the goods at the place and date of loading.

Receipt of Goods

The CMR Consignment Note: The Indispensable Document

Discover what the CMR Convention is, how it unifies road freight transport rules in Europe, and the importance of the CMR consignment note as a contract and legal proof.

Explicit mention if the cargo is ADR, with its UN Number, class, and other specifications.

Dangerous Goods

Nature, number of packages, weight, volume, and type of packaging.

Description of Goods

Customs instructions, delivery instructions, or any other formalities.

Special Instructions

Full name and address of the sender, the carrier, and the consignee.

Party Details

Place and date of loading and anticipated delivery.

Places and Dates

The cost of transport and other associated charges.

Price and Charges

Essential Content of the CMR Consignment Note

Carrier's Liability under CMR

The CMR Convention: The Essential Guide to International Road Transport

It allows the customs office of exit to verify that the goods presented correspond to those declared.

Customs Control

It is the document that demonstrates the goods have been effectively exported, which is fundamental for justifying VAT exemption on the sale operation.

Proof of Export

The EAD has a unique reference number that allows for electronic tracking of the export's status within the customs system.

Identification

Key functions of the EAD

EAD - Export Accompanying Document

The EAD is the electronic document generated when submitting the export declaration to the customs office of exit from the European Union territory. Its primary function is to act as proof that the goods have been correctly declared for their departure and that they comply with all customs requirements, in addition to collecting all data of the parties involved in the operation.

What is the EAD (Export Accompanying Document)?

The EAD is mandatory for any goods leaving the European Union for third countries under an export regime:

You are exporting from an EU country (like Spain) to a third country (outside the EU), such as the United Kingdom, United States, China, etc.

It is mandatory if...

The transport is carried out between two countries within the European Union (e.g., from Spain to Germany), as no customs border is crossed because it is transiting within the Union's free trade area.

It is NOT mandatory if...

When is it mandatory?

Especially if they submit the ENS (Entry Summary Declaration) on behalf of carriers or consignees. In the case of consolidated transport, they must also declare their cargo data.

Freight Forwarders and Customs Agents

Carriers

Must ensure their logistics partners comply with the obligation to submit data in ICS2. They can delegate the procedure but remain responsible.

Importers in the EU

Amazon, Royal Mail, DHL, etc., are already integrated because they move millions of shipments annually and must comply with ICS2 rules.

Logistics Platforms, Marketplaces, and Postal Operators

If they are outside the EU, they must provide complete safety and security data (6-digit HS Code, precise goods description, consignee and exporter details).

Shippers/Consignors

Delving into the Entry Summary Declaration

1. Entry Summary Declaration (ENS):

2. Exit Summary Declaration (EXS):

The Two Types of Summary Declarations

Learn about the DGD, the mandatory document for the transport of dangerous goods by air and sea. Discover its content and who must issue it.

24-hour contact telephone number in case of an incident.

Emergency Information

Specification of net/gross weight and packaging classification.

Packing Group and Quantity

Indicates the type of approved packaging used.

Packing Instructions

Complete data of the parties involved in transport.

Consignor and Consignee Information

Certifies the veracity of the declaration and compliance with regulations.

Shipper's Signature

Specific identification of dangerous goods according to international regulations.

UN Number, Proper Shipping Name, and Hazard Class

Essential Content of the DGD

DGD (Dangerous Goods Declaration) | Air and Sea Transport

When and where it is used

Under IATA DGR (Dangerous Goods Regulations).

Air Transport

Under IMDG Code (International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code) regulations.

Sea Transport

The general process includes these steps:

The exporting or importing company (or its customs agent) submits the SAD and supporting documentation (invoice, packing list, etc.) to customs.

SAD Submission

Customs reviews the documentation. It can assign a control channel:

If applicable, duties and taxes are calculated and paid.

Settlement and Payment

Once procedures and payments are completed, customs authorises the exit or entry of the goods.

Release of Goods

The Customs Clearance Process

Discover what the SAD is, its key role in importing and exporting outside the EU, and when it's mandatory for your customs procedures. Simplify your international shipments.

What is the SAD (Single Administrative Document)?

SAD (Single Administrative Document): Essential Customs Guide

When is the SAD mandatory in Europe?

It's called "single" because it replaces multiple forms and serves to:

It provides a detailed description of the items.

Declare goods

It demonstrates that the commercial operation and transport comply with customs legislation.

Ensure legality

It forms the basis for calculating and paying customs duties, import VAT, and other taxes.

Settle taxes

Why is it called "single"?

The main advantage of having an EUR-1 certificate is that it allows the importer of the goods to pay fewer or no customs duties at all at the time of import. This makes your products more competitive in the destination market.

The EUR-1 is used for exports from the EU to countries with which the European Union has preferential trade agreements. The list of these countries is extensive and includes many countries in the Mediterranean, Latin America, Africa, and the EFTA region (Switzerland, Norway, etc.).

The application is made by the exporter, and the document is endorsed (issued and stamped) by the export customs authority or by an authorized body, such as a customs agent. To obtain it, the exporter must prove the origin of the goods with raw material invoices and other documents.

The certificate is presented to the customs authority of the destination country so that the importer can apply the tariff reduction.

What it's used for and its key benefit

The importer benefits from the reduced or zero tariff established in the trade agreement.

The importer will pay the full customs duty (ad valorem duty).

The EUR-1 is a fundamental document for international trade, especially for the importer. Its primary function is to reduce or eliminate import duties in the country of destination.

The EUR-1 Movement Certificate is a document that certifies the preferential origin of goods. That is, it proves that the goods have been manufactured or have undergone sufficient processing in a European Union country to be considered as such. This certificate is crucial for benefiting from trade agreements that the EU has signed with third countries.

EUR-1 Movement Certificate

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Types of Documentation

ADR regulations provide for a series of exemptions that allow for simplified transport without compromising safety by reducing the risk of the load. These are applicable in cases such as:

Applicable to extremely small quantities of dangerous goods. The limits are so low that they are considered minimum risk.

Only a mention of the exemption on the Transport Document (if used) is required.

Documentation:

Quantities per package and per package are very small, as specified in the ADR.

Limits:

The package must bear a specific Excepted Quantities (EQ) label.

Marking:

This exemption releases most ADR requirements (placards, ADR driver training certificate, etc.).

Total Simplification:

2. Exemption for Excepted Quantities (EQ)

This is the most common exemption for packaged goods for final consumption, such as supermarket products or aerosols. If you comply with the quantity limits per package and per package, you can transport them without many of the ADR obligations.

A Transport Document (Consignment Note) is not mandatory, but the package must be marked with the Limited Quantities (LQ) pictogram.

The gross weight of the package must not exceed 30 kg (or 20 kg for goods on trays).

Personnel (including the driver) must have general training according to ADR Chapter 1.3, and the packaging must be robust and approved.

Continuing Obligations:

1. Exemption for Limited Quantities (LQ)

Orange plates are not required on the vehicle, nor is an ADR driver training certificate for the driver.

Vehicle and Driver:

This is one of the most relevant exemptions. It allows for the transport of a considerable quantity of dangerous goods without the need for an ADR driver training certificate or a vehicle with orange plates.

A Transport Document (Consignment Note) is mandatory and must include the total quantity of goods per transport category.

A substance from Transport Category 3 allows you to transport up to 1,000 litres/kg. One from Category 2, only up to 333 litres/kg.

Example:

Each dangerous good is assigned a Transport Category (from 0 to 4), which in turn has a points value. You multiply the quantity of the substance (in litres or kilograms) by its points value.

How it Works:

The total sum of points for all dangerous goods in the vehicle must not exceed 1,000 points.

Limit:

Despite the exemption, a fire extinguisher and other personal protective equipment must be carried, and packages must be correctly labelled.

3. Exemption by Transported Quantity (1,000 Points Rule)

Key ADR Exemptions in Europe

There are specific situations where ADR does not apply at all.

Transport intended to save lives or protect the environment (e.g., firefighters or rescue services).

Emergency Services:

Goods packaged for retail sale and intended for personal or domestic use (e.g., a person carrying a can of petrol for their lawnmower).

Transport by Private Individuals:

4. Total Exemptions (by Nature of Transport)

Fuel contained in the vehicle's tanks for its own propulsion.

Vehicle Fuel:

Documentation for Road Freight Transport: Rules and Exemptions

Discover the mandatory documentation for road freight transport and the most important exemptions that can simplify your consignments. Ensure compliance and safety on every journey.

Road Transport: Essential Documentation, Rules, and Key Exemptions

For the transport of dangerous goods, these are subject to a series of provisions depending on the type of goods. However, there is documentation that is always mandatory according to these ADR provisions. The following documents are obligatory:

ADR Driver Training Certificate

With a precise description of the goods (UN number, class, packing group, etc.).

ADR Transport Document (Consignment Note)

Vehicle Approval Certificate

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

For the driver, detailing actions in case of emergency.

ADR Written Instructions

Standard Documentation for Dangerous Goods

Always Verify the Regulations

Document that certifies the delivery of goods to the carrier, key in logistics and shipment control.

The Loading Receipt

Document that certifies the customs status of products between the EU and Turkey, allowing certain tax exemptions.

Mandatory international document for road transport between countries signatory to the CMR convention.

CMR Convention

Document that certifies the effective exit of goods exported from the EU.

EUR-1 Movement Certificate

What it's used for and its key benefit

With EUR-1

Without EUR-1

Related documentation

The Loading Receipt

CMR Convention

SAD (Single Administrative Document)

EAD (Export Accompanying Document)

ATR

Transit T1 and T2

DGD (Dangerous Goods Declaration)

Summary Declaration